School-slate



(No Model.)

J. DU SHANE. SCHOOL S'LATE. No. 347,696. Patented Aug. 17., 1886. lZig/.1.

Attorney UNITED STATES JAMES DU SHANE, OF SOUTH BEND, INDIANA.

PATENT OFFICE..

'SCH'OOL-SLATE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 347,696, dated August17, 1886.

Application filed December .1-2, 1835. SerialNo. 186,447. (No model.)

T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES DU SHANE, of South Bend, in the county of St.Joseph and State of Indiana,have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in School-Slates; and Ido hereby declare that the followingis a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings,and to the lettei's of reference markedthereon, which form part of this specification, in Which- Figure l is aplan view of my improved counting and recording slate. Fig. 2 is alongitudinal crosssection ofthe same. Fig. 3 is a view of a double slateembodying my invention. Fig. 4t is a view of a desk having the inventionapplied to its lid.

This invention relates to educational ap pliances, and has especialreference to slates or desks used in primary schools; aud it consists inthe novel construction and arrangement of the parts, as will befullyunderstood from the following description, when taken in connection withthe accompanying drawings.

A designates a slate-frame of ordinary construction. One half of theinside of the frame is filled by a slate, B, and the' other half isoccupied by a thin board, veneer, or strip of suitable material, C,hereinafter described.

The board C may be divided into similar figures or squares by lines orgrooves c, which cross each other at equal distances. The board hasperforations d,for the reception of pins d', made preferably at theintersections of the lines c, or in like places in the figures formed bythe lines. The lines c may be omitted, as they are only'used as a guidefor the eye to enable the scholar to more readily follow the rows ofperforations which are made in the board, as described. The board may belarge enough to fill the entire frame A,and have the slates B secured onits side or sides at one end of the frame, by means of glue or othersuitable fastening, or may have one portion slated with liquid slate inthe ordinary manner.

Fig. 3 shows a 4double-hinged slate, one frame, A, of which is occupiedby a perforated board, C, as described, and the other frame, A',contains a slate, B.

Fig. 4 shows a school-desk, E, having a board, C, and slate B, such asdescribed, in-

laid in its top or cover, which forms a frame,

answering to frame A for the same.

The invention is especially designed for use in primary schools in whichthe younger scholars are provided with the slates or have the desks E,as described. Itis used as follows:

The teacher gives the children an example in arithmetic-say in addition,for example. The several numbers to be added are called out and thescholars insert in theperforations -of the boards C, in the differentrows, the several numbers named by the teacher. The scholars can thencount the number of the separate pegs in the different rows and set downtheir aggregate amount in pencil on slate B. To subtract a number fromthe added sumhe would remove as many pegs from the board C as the numberto be tak en away, then by counting the remaining pegs in the boardwould have the correct answer, which could bewritten u`pcn the slate asbefore.

It is obvious that the invention may be used for various purposes otherthan those described-such as outlining drawings by means of the pegs onthe board, and then copying y the outlines on the slate in pencil, Ste.,thus accustoming the child,by simple and practical means, to associateVarious things with signs representing them collectively or singly, andalso helping him to understand the arithmetical and geometricalproportions of things. The slate is also adapted for use as agamecounter, as is evident.

Having described my invention, l claim- 1. An educational deviceconsisting of two parts hinged together at their similar edges, one partbeing composed of' suitable thin material-such as veneerand providedwith perforations situated at the points of intersection of equidistantright lines crossing each other at right angles, and the other partcomposed of some material adapted to be written uponsuch as slatethe twoparts being so hinged that when opened apart both can be used at thesame time, substantially as specified.

2. The herein described educational device, consisting of theequal-sized rectangular parts A A,hinged together at the side edges oftheir frame, the part A being composed of suitable IOO thinmaterial-such as veneer-and provided In tostimonytlmb I clai m theforegoing as my 1o with the porlbmt'ions d, situated al; the interown Infx my signature in presence of two section of the bwo sets of grooves cc,crossing witnesses. each other ab right angles and adapted t-o guidetho pins d into the perforatons, and the pari; A being composed of somematerial adapt)- JAMES DU SHANE.

ed to bowribton upon--such as slate-al1 c011- Vv'itnesscs: sbl-noted andarranged substantially as and GHAS. W. XVILEY, for the pmposesspeced. I.H. UNRUH.

